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SINOPHARM UTOPIAN H.K PHARMACEUTICAL PONDS CHEMICAL GPO PONDS CHEMICAL MODERN MANUF PONDS CHEMICAL ATLANTIC LAB ATLANTIC LAB SANDOZ ATLANTIC LAB MODERN MANUF SIAM BHAESAJ CO SIAM BHAESAJ CO SANDOZ SANOFI AVENTIS SANOFI AVENTIS SANOFI AVENTIS JANSSEN-CILAG JANSSEN-CILAG JANSSEN-CILAG JANSSEN-CILAG JANSSEN-CILAG ABBOTT PHARMA ROCHE ROCHE ROCHE NOVARTIS NOVARTIS NOVARTIS NOVARTIS NOVARTIS NOVARTIS ORGANON LTD GLAXOSMITHKLINE GLAXOSMITHKLINE ASTRAZENECA ASTRAZENECA SIAM BHAESAJ CO SANOFI AVENTIS V.S. PHARM 137, for instance, hydrochlorothiazide calcium. Behavior modification a counseling or tracking accountability method ; is probably more effective than taking medicine. Table 3. Primary endpoint for the TOPIC study, plus summary of normalization and response rates Moxonidine amlodipine n 81 ; Diastolic BP at Week 8 end of open-label phase ; mmHg ; 100.5 5.1 BP at Week 12 153.6 15.8 mmHg ; 93.1 7.6 Reduction in sitting diastolic BP mmHg ; 7.3 7.4 * Response rate % ; Normalization 35.8 * Response 46.9 * Moxonidine enalapril n 82 ; Moxonidine hydrochlorothiazide n 90.
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Key Question 1 ; When in terms of GFR, symptoms of Quality Scoring: uremia, or other complications is RRT initiated among 1 ; Global assessment: Fair 2 ; Validity criteria: Inclusion criteria: Chronic renal patients with pre-ESRD?: Population described: Partially failure; began dialysis between Jan Incl excl described: Partially 1990 and Apr 1997 Emergent hemodialysis was required in 22% of earlyDropouts discussed: Partially referral patients, compared with 90% of late-referral Sample size justified: No not Exclusion criteria: No information on patients p 0.0001 ; . Indications for emergent timing of referral; acute renal failure; hemodialysis n 70 104 patients receiving it ; were as assessable 3 ; GFR CrCl: Not assessable trauma-induced renal loss; renal follows: Early Late p-value 4 ; % pre-ESRD: 50% not allograft failure; rapidly progressive Indication Uremia hyperkalemia 36% 50% NS assessable glomerulonephritis; malignancy Pulmonary edema 64% 50% NS 5 ; Level of evidence: 2b Age mean SD ; : Early, 59 15; Notes: Key Question 2 ; What factors affect the timing of late, 65 15 initiation of RRT among pre-ESRD patients?: Sex: Early, 47% M, 53% F; late, Not addressed 43% M, 57% F Key Question 3 ; What is the effect of early initiation of RRT at GFR 20 ml min, before development of uremia symptoms ; on health and resource utilization outcomes?: a ; 4-month mortality: Early: 8 180 4% ; Late: 4 58 7% ; p not significant and hydrocodone. Conversion of losartan to its active metabolite after intravenous administration is not affected by ketoconazole, an inhibitor of p450 3a there is no pharmacokinetic interaction between losartan and hydrochlorothiazide.
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Exp. Ther. 135, 382-393. DICKER, S. E. 1949 ; . Effect of the protein content of the diet on the glomerular filtration rate of young and adult rats. J. Phy8tol. 108, 197-202. DICKER, S. E. & M. GRACE EGGLETON 1964 ; . The antidiuretic action of hydrochlorothiazide in the hydrated rat. J. Physiol. 171, 377-383. DICKER, S. E. & HASLAM, J. 1966 ; . Water diuresis in the domestic fowl. J. Physiol. 183, 225-235. DIES, F. & RIVERS, A. 1962 ; . A possible mechanism of action of the antidiuretic effect of benzothiadiazine derivates. Clin. Pharmac. Ther. 3, 172-179. FAWCETT, J. K. & SCOTT, J. E. 1960 ; . A rapid and precise method for the determination of urea. J. clin. Path. 13, 156-159. KENNEDY, G. C. & CRAWFORD, J. D. 1961 ; . A comparison of the effects of adrenalectomy and of chlorothiazide in experimnental diabetes insipidus. J. Endocr. 22, 77-86. KRAMER, K. 1962 ; . Medullary blood flow and the countercurrent system. Proc. int. Union phy8iol. Sci.: XXII int. Cong. Leiden. 1, 382-383. MCCANCE, R. A. 1945 ; . The excretion of urea, salts and water during periods of hydropoenia in man. J. Physiol. 104, 196-209. PITTs, R. F. 1938 ; . The excretion of phenol red by the chicken. J. cell. comp. Physiol. 11 and hyzaar. Hydrochlorothiazide tablet tablet 50 mg ; description: hydrochlorothiazide hctz ; is a thiazide diuretic used in the management of edema and hypertension.

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BETOPTIC S. 44 BEXXAR . 15 BIAXIN XL . 7 BICILLIN C-R . 7 BICILLIN L-A . 7 BICNU . 15 BIDIL . 28 bisoprolol . 21, 25 bisoprolol hydrochlorothiazide.21, 25, 26 bleomycin . 16 BLEPHAMIDE SOP oint 10% 0.2% . 43, 44 brimonidine 0.2%. 44 bromocriptine . 18, 40 brompheniramine pseudoephedrine 4 mg 45 mg per 5 mL. 45 brompheniramine pseudoephedrine ext-rel 12 mg 120 mg . 45 brompheniramine pseudoephedrine ext-rel 6 mg 60 mg . 45 bumetanide . 26 bumetanide inj. 26 BUPHENYL. 33 bupropion . 11 bupropion ext-rel . 11, 33 buspirone. 21 BUSULFEX . 15 BYETTA. 23 cabergoline . 40 CADUET . 26, 27 calcitriol . 49 CALCITRIOL inj . 49 CAMPATH . 15 CAMPRAL . 33 CAMPTOSAR . 16 CANASA . 42 CAPITROL . 32 captopril . 28 captopril hydrochlorothiazide . 26, 28 CARAC . 33 CARAFATE susp. 34 carbamazepine . 9 CARBATROL. 9 carbidopa levodopa . 18 carbidopa levodopa ext-rel . 18 carbinoxamine pseudoephedrine 1 mg 15 mg per mL. 45 carboplatin . 16 CARDIZEM CD 360 mg . 26 54 and ibuprofen.
Our symposium explores signaling events underlying vascular remodeling in response to mechanical forces generated during exercise. Matrix metalloproteinases play a key role in capillary proliferation by degrading basement membrane proteins, enabling endothelial cells to sprout into the extracellular matrix. The first presentation considers specific signaling pathways underlying selective regulation of matrix metalloproteinases in light of endothelial cell migration and proliferation. Arteriolar smooth muscle cells control capillary perfusion and the distribution of blood flow within skeletal muscle. Using smooth muscle-specific markers in conjunction with computational network modeling, the second presentation considers how elevated.
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TABLE 1: Tyrosine Y ; to phenylalanine F ; mutants of KDR. KDR Y951F ; KDR Y996F ; KDR Y1054F ; KDR Y1059F ; KDR Y951F Y996F ; KDR Y1054F Y1059F ; KDR Y951F Y996F Y1054F Y1059F. Probably just about all of the drugs in the list can be used safely in moderation but can cause serious problems if used to excess and isosorbide. If you are unsure whether the patient has TB or malignancy, always consider a trial of TB therapy. For example, consider giving TB therapy if the patient refuses laparotomy, or is too sick to have a laparotomy, or while you are waiting for a biopsy report even if the lesion is macroscopically malignant ; . High protein diet. Albendazole Antimalarials. Hgdrochlorothiazide and Span K. If these do not reduce the ascites, consider adding frusemide and spironolactone. In addition, weigh the child and measure the abdominal girth twice a week. If the ascites has been controlled and the diagnosis is still unclear, consider laparoscopy or exploratory laparotomy, and liver biopsy. Liver biopsy may enable the diagnosis of active chronic hepatitis, which may respond to prednisolone 1 mg kg TID gradually reducing to 5-10 mg day keep the ALT normal ; . Give steroids only if the Hepatitis B antigen is negative.

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Promethazine HCl.33 PROMETRIUM .29 PRONESTYL .15 pro-otic .22 propafenone HCl .15 proparacaine .31 proparacaine HCl.31 propoxyphene HCl.14 propoxyphene HCl apap.14 propoxyphene HCl compound .14 propoxyphene napsylate apap .14 propranolol HCl .16 propylthiouracil .23 PROSCAR.35 PROSTIGMIN.12 PROTOPIC .19 PROVENTIL .34 PROVENTIL HFA.34 PROVIGIL.15 PULMICORT .34 PULMICORT FOR NEBULIZATION .34 PULMOZYME.34 pyrazinamide .6 pyridostigmine bromide.12 Q QUIBRON-T .35 quinapril .15 quinapril hydrochlorothiazide .17 quinaretic.16 quinidine gluconate .15 quinidine sulfate .15 quinine sulfate .6 QUIXIN.30 R RABAVERT .28 ranitidine HCl.27 RAPAMUNE .10 RAPTIVA .19 RAZADYNE .12 RAZADYNE ER .12 re 10.19 re urea 40 .19 REBETOL .5 REBETRON .27 REBIF.27 RECOMBIVAX HB .28 rectasol-HC .26 REGRANEX .19 RELENZA.5 RELPAX.11 REMICADE .28 RENAGEL.21 and ketamine.
When one of the other editors suggested that we look at lipodystrophy from a physical and spiritual perspective quite frankly I had to ask myself, "Is there a spiritual perspective on lipodystrophy?" Previously we discussed the psychological burden related to the bodily changes e.g. buffalo hump, protease paunch, breast enlargement, thinning of the extremities ; that seem to occur in conjunction with lipodystrophy. We live in a culture that is very body conscious, idealized by models we see in the pages of Vogue or Men's Health. As a result we have created an atmosphere which promotes eating disorders and exercise behavior that is no longer "fun but feeds into our addiction to perfection. So to answer my own question, -- "Yes, there is a spiritual perspective to lipodystrophy!" As I gave some serious consideration to the "challenge" of this article almost immediately I realized that I was allowing myself to get mired down in terminology. A "spiritual perspective" to a particular clinical issue is devoid of religious overtones, if "spirituality" is defined in terms of the individual's journey toward selfactualization, or the discovery of purpose. Personally, I believe that each one of us is created to fulfill a specific task in this world. No two people are created the same and thus no two people have the same "mission" in life. Many of us are faced with hurdles along the way, which can easily distract us from our calling. Lipodystrophy, and its secondary effects, is one such distraction, for instance, hydrochlorothiazide and diabetes. Questran 20 Questran Light 20 Quetiapine Fumarate 16 Quinaglute 17 Quinapril 19 Quinapril HCl Tablet 19 Quinapril HCl Hyfrochlorothiazide Tablet 20 Quinaretic 20 Quinidex 17 Quinidine Gluconate Tablet, Sustained Action 17 Quinidine Sulfate 17 Quinidine Sulfate Tablet 17 Quinidine Sulfate Tablet, Sustained Action 17 Quinolones . Quixin 35 QVar 40 and lanoxin. Refer to Prescription details for further information. Who is antiviral treatment recommended for? Antivirals are recommended for adults aged 50 years and over. Antivirals are recommended for adults of any age who: Present with severe acute pain or extensive rash Have ophthalmic involvement7 Are immunocompromised8 Oral antivirals are suitable if shingles is localized and uncomplicated. People with severe immunosuppression require admission. ; Have Ramsay Hunt syndrome Have atopic eczema Have contact with very young infants, immunocompromised people, or pregnant women Antivirals may also benefit adults under the age of 50 years who are not in these categories.9.
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QUESTIONS 62 TO 65 INCLUSIVE REFER TO THE FOLLOWING: MP, a 69 year old, alcoholic female weighing 100 lbs., has been treated for hypertension with hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg once daily for the past two years. She has also taken lorazepam 0. 5 mg hs prn for the past month, and cotrimoxazole i tablet hs for prophylaxis of chronic urinary tract infection. She comes to the pharmacy, complaining of fever, chills and weakness, and appears pale and malnourished. 62. If MP has developed anemia secondary to her drug therapy, the most probable causes include: I cotrimoxazole. II hydrochlorothiazide. III lorazepam. a. b. c. only III only I and II only II and III only I, II and III Answer: A Competency: 1.3. Organization. He terms the complaints mass symptoms' ; describes how they manifested themselves in a military hospital unit, in a mental health center, and in a university hospital psychiatric inpatient unit; and tells how interventions were made that eventually resolved the problems. In the second paper, Marina Chapman Doyle presents a detailed account of what happened when the staff of a newly opened community mental health center, reacting to the rigid hierarchical administrative structure in the state hospital where they formerly worked, attempted to establish an operational model that emphasized role-blurring and a sharing of decision-making among all staff. No authority figures were permitted. The experiment proved so blatantly unworkable that we felt some commentary was needed from professionals who have had more positive experience with the concepts of egalitarianism and role-blurring. Ethel Bonn and Helen Huber discuss Ms. Doyle's paper and describe situations and levothroid. INDIGENOUS HEALTH added 5-Oct-2006 ; added 5-Oct-2006 ; We need a caring GP interested in Aboriginal health. Work 3 weeks in 4 on regular basis if you wish or do a short term locum. Excellent backup, interesting work. Good pay rates, accom. and return travel provided Contact: Chris Babich Ph: 02 ; 9918 6888 Fax: 02 ; 9918 6882 Email: chris babichmedicos. com.au University Program 2006 Emergencies in General Practice Merck Sharp & Dohme Saturday 4th November, 2006 University of NSW Enquiries 1800 061 667 Ph: 1800 061 667 FT or sessional. Flexible hours. 7 days p week. Onsite pathology. OTDs welcome conditional ; . No oncall. 70% Contact: Richard Ph: 0428 741 431 LOCUM -VR preferred- from Nov 27 th -Dec 9th for friendly solo practice. 3 mins from Hastings St & 20 mins from the hinterland Contact: Penny Ph: 0419 666 116 MSD University Program 2006.
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Serostim, 47 sertraline hcl, 16 sertraline hcl, 16 silver sulfadiazine, 12 simvastatin, 32 singulair, 57 singulair, 57 singulair, 57 skelaxin, 58 skelid, 47 smz-tmp ds, 9 smz-tmp ds, 13 sodium chloride 0.9%, 59 sodium chloride 0.45%, 59 sodium fluoride, 39 sodium fluoride, 39 sodium sulfacetamide, 13 solaraze, 39 solodyn, 14 soltamox, 23 somavert, 47 sonata, 58 soriatane, 39 sotalol hcl, 33 sotalol hcl, 34 spectracef, 10 spiriva handihaler, 60 spironolactone hydrochlorothiazide, 32 spironolactone hydrochlorothiazide, 37 spironolactone hydrochlorothiazide, 37 spironolactone, 32 spironolactone, 37 sporanox, 19 sprycel, 23 sps, 17 stalevo 100, 24 stalevo 150, 24 stalevo 50, 24 starlix, 30 sterapred 12 day, 44 sterapred ds 12 day, 44 sterapred ds, 44 sterapred, 44 stimate, 47 strattera, 38 stromectol, 23 CMS Approval Date: 07 2007 Material ID: H2931004 7434. NUCARE PHARM. VA CMOP, DALLAS NUCARE PHARM. NUCARE PHARM. SOUTHWOOD PHARM DRX MYLAN PD-RX PHARM DISPENSEXPRESS, DRX SOUTHWOOD PHARM SOUTHWOOD PHARM PHYSICIANS TC. DIRECT DISPENSE PHYSICIANS TC. PHYSICIANS TC. SOUTHWOOD PHARM PHYSICIANS TC. SOUTHWOOD PHARM IVAX PHARMACEUT PAR PHARM. PAR PHARM. DISPENSEXPRESS, PHARMA PAC ALLSCRIPTS QUALITY CARE ALLSCRIPTS ALLSCRIPTS LIBERTY PHARM LIBERTY PHARM DISPENSEXPRESS, IVAX PHARMACEUT LIBERTY PHARM TEVA USA LIBERTY PHARM LIBERTY PHARM LIBERTY PHARM TEVA USA VA CMOP, DALLAS PHARM CORP AMER MYLAN DISPENSEXPRESS, SOUTHWOOD PHARM ALLSCRIPTS SOUTHWOOD PHARM SOUTHWOOD PHARM SOUTHWOOD PHARM SOUTHWOOD PHARM UDL SOUTHWOOD PHARM SOUTHWOOD PHARM SOUTHWOOD PHARM SOUTHWOOD PHARM SOUTHWOOD PHARM MYLAN SOUTHWOOD PHARM SOUTHWOOD PHARM SOUTHWOOD PHARM SOUTHWOOD PHARM.

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PURPOSE The Plan Document details the benefits, rights, and privileges of Covered Individuals as later defined ; , in a fund established by Sterling Community Unit School District #5 and referred to as the "Plan." The Plan Document explains the times when the Plan will pay or reimburse all or a portion of Covered Expenses. EFFECTIVE DATE The effective date of the Plan is July 1, 2004. The Plan is restated effective May 1, 2005. CLAIMS PROCESSOR The Claims Processor of the Plan is Butler Benefit Service, Inc. BBSI ; . NAME OF PLAN Sterling Community Unit School District #5 Employee Benefit Plan Sterling Community Unit School District #5 410 East LeFevre Sterling, Illinois 61081 815 ; 626-5050 Butler Benefit Service, Inc. BBSI ; P.O. Box 3310 Davenport, Iowa 52808-3310 563 ; 327-2280 866 ; 927-2200 ext 280 Q-elements P.O. Box 90801 Lubbock, TX 79408-8801 877 ; 202-6379 36-2746264 BBS0129 15079 15099 Medical, Prescription Drug and Dental Expense Coverage Sterling Community Unit School District #5 410 East LeFevre Sterling, Illinois 61081 815 ; 626-5050 Contributions are made to the Plan by the Sterling Community Unit School District #5 and or Covered Participants. Plan benefits are provided directly from the Plan through the Claims Administrator. The Plan also has stop-loss insurance for unusually large claims. Begins July 1st and ends June 30th Calendar Year January 1st through December 31st and hydrocodone. Rosiglitazone metformin, 20 ROWASA, 25 ROXICODONE, 7 RYTHMOL, 13 RYTHMOL SR, 13 SAIZEN, 24 SALAGEN, 26 salmeterol xinafoate, 30 salsalate, 7 SANDIMMUNE, 28 saquinavir mesylate, 10 scopolamine, 25 SEASONALE, 21 selegiline, 17 selenium sulfide shampoo 2.5%, 32 SELSUN, 32 SENSIPAR, 21 SEPTRA, 11 SERAX, 16 SEREVENT, 30 SEROQUEL, 17 sertraline, 17 sevelamer, 24 sibutramine, 21 sildenafil, 15, 26 SILVADENE, 32 silver sulfadiazine, 32 simvastatin, 14 SINEMET, 17 SINEMET CR, 17 SINGULAIR, 31 sirolimus, 28 sitagliptin phosphate, 20 sitagliptin metformin, 20 SKELAXIN, 19 sodium oxybate, 19 sodium phosphates, 25 sodium sulfacetamide wash 10%, 32 solifenacin succinate, 26 SOLIRIS, 27 SOMA, 19 somatropin, 24 sorafenib, 11 SORIATANE, 32 sotalol, 13 SPIRIVA, 29 spironolactone, 12 spironolactone hydrochlorothiazide, 15 SPORANOX, 9 SPRYCEL, 11 STALEVO, 17 stavudine, 9 STRATTERA, 18 STRIANT, 19 sucralfate, 26 sulfacetamide 10%, 35 sulfacetamide lotion 10%, 32 sulfacetamide prednisolone acetate oint 10% 0.2%, 35 sulfacetamide prednisolone phosphate 10% 0.25%, 35 sulfacetamide sulfur, 34 sulfacetamide sulfur crm, gel, lotion, pads, 32 sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim, 11.
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Amir Sumaidaie, Iraq's ambassador to the United States, is under no illusions about the difficulty of achieving peace in his country. His deputy chief of mission has Residents of Baghdad's Sadr City neighborhood with images of Shiite cleric Moqtada al-Sadr lost three nephews to the violence engulfing the country--two of them killed by attempt to avoid fullblown civil war-- ment passed a foreign investment law last Shiite militia members when they went to and if deadlines matter, it is a measuring month and is debating legislation on how the oil industry will be run and profits dia Baghdad hospital to retrieve wounded stick of the Iraqis' own making. "Outlaws." Two months ago, the Politi- vided among the Shiite, Sunni, and Kurdneighbors, the third by Sunni insurgents while visiting a cemetery to mourn one of cal Council for National Security--which ish populations. Sumaidaie expects the the dead. "Extremists have a way of find- includes the prime minister, the president measure to pass this month. The next item is revising the de-Baathificaing reasons to continue fighting, " tion process that drove many forsays the gray-haired engineer, who "The question [is], `What kind of mer regime bureaucrats and solwas ambassador to the United Nadiers into the insurgency rather tions before coming to Washington Iraq do you want.a divided than offering them incentives to last April. But he has not lost hope. Obscured by the reports of spicountry.[or] a thriving country?' " support the new government. By all accounts, the toughest raling violence and the latest conitems on the agenda are those slattretemps between Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki and U.S. officials is the and vice presidents, the head of parlia- ed for December, when a law offering surprising fact that the Iraqi government ment, and their deputies--agreed on 15 amnesty to Sunni and Baathist insurgents itself has laid out a timeline for dealing items to be accomplished between Sep- and demobilizing militias is supposed to with the most contentious issues tearing tember 2006 and March 2007, ending be passed. A U.S. defense intelligence ofthe country apart. Achieving a timeline with a referendum on constitutional ficial with long experience in Iraq seriis not the same thing as reaching sub- amendments. The timetable has already ously doubts whether Iraq's Shiite-mastantive agreement on solutions, but it slipped by a month, but they have made jority government will offer a genuine may provide the kickstart for a last-ditch progress on two key items: The parlia- olive branch to Sunni insurgents, whom. DIAGNOSIS A full clinical assessment must be made in an endocrine clinic. Particular care must be taken to identify familial disease and exclude other endocrinopathies. Regional genetics units should be consulted in familial syndromes. BIOCHEMICAL * The demonstration of a low fasting blood glucose and a high insulin. * A 72 hour fast to provoke and unmask hypoglycaemia. A blood sugar below 2 mmo1 1 and an inappropriately raised insulin greater than 16 mU 1 usually required. * A high level of pro-insulin suggests malignancy. * A high titre of insulin antibodies and low C peptide suggests a factitious hypoglycaemia due to exogenous insulin administration. * A gut hormone profile, serum calcium, PTH and prolactin should be measured to identify other endocrine adenopathies. LOCALISATION Precise localisation of an insulinoma is not essential before laparotomy is performed. A variety of localisation procedures are available which include endoscopic ultrasound, CT, MRI and octreotide scanning. Approximately 30% of insulinomas will be identified by Octreoscan. Endoscopic ultrasound is currently the most effective localisation procedure. Venous sampling and selective arterial calcium infusion stimulation testing is conducted in some centres. SURGERY Once the diagnosis has been established almost all patients are submitted to surgery and pancreatic exploration even in the absence of preoperative localisation of the tumour. Only those patients unfit for surgery are treated with diazoxide or octreotide. Even though only 10% of insulinomas are malignant, liver secondaries are excluded at laparotomy by palpation and intraoperative ultrasound. The pancreas is fully mobilised in order to permit careful palpation from head to tail. Intraoperative ultrasound should be used to localise the tumour and demonstrate its relationship to important vascular structures and the pancreatic duct. Most, for example, hydrochl0rothiazide capsules. The cozaar hydrochlorothiazide, diovan, zestril by altace, toprol xl, toprol and related to avapro and ace inhibitors includes triamterene cannot be vasotec.

Government facilities. While many of the survey medicines were not widely available at the public sector facilities, the following factors should be noted: Hydrlchlorothiazide is generally only kept at hospital level Polyclinics in Kuwait only keep 2mg diazepam tablets, not 5mg tablets Indapamide 1.5mg SR tablet was commonly available as the innovator brand ; whereas the 2.5mg plain tablet was on the list Polyclinics which do not offer specialist diabetic services do not stock most diabetic medicines apart from insulin seven polyclinics in the sample did not offer diabetic services ; Most polyclinics do not stock higher cost or infrequently required medicines, including the Circular List medicines surveyed Bearing in mind the above limitations, the only medicines with 100% availability in public sector pharmacies on the day of the survey were amoxicillin, cephalexin, co-trimoxazole suspension, insulin neutral, paracetamol, ranitidine. Atenolol, beclometasone inhaler, carbamazepine, captopril, diclofenac and nifedipine retard were available in at least 80% of facilities. Those medicines with an availability of less than 30% were Circular List medicines and or restricted to hospitals in the public sector carvedilol, ceftriaxone injection, chlorpromazine, ciprofloxacin, diazepam, fluconazole, hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide, omeprazole, simvastatin ; except for ibuprofen where strengths other than that surveyed tended to be available. Private sector availability Brand medicines were more likely to be found in private sector pharmacies than the MSGs or LPGs median availability 84%, 12% and 12% respectively for core medicines and 84%, 0% and 0% respectively for all medicines i.e. core plus supplementary medicines ; Table 2 ; . This apparent anomaly of lower availability when including all the medicines, is a reflection of the fact that a smaller proportion of the supplementary medicines were available as generics compared to the core medicines. This indicates the low generic penetration of the Kuwait market but is also a reflection of the health sector structure in Kuwait. Although this is something which requires further study, it is believed that most patients will go to public health facilities for their medicines where they are available essentially for free. If they do not receive the brand of medicine which they wish, they will then attempt to purchase it at a private retail outlet. This accounts for the high availability of innovator brands in private pharmacies. However, this viewpoint is challenged by the fact that for some medicines, generics are as available as the innovator brand e.g. diclofenac, omeprazole. The perceptions of the public towards brand and generic medicines, brand loyalty and brand demand in Kuwait requires further investigation to fully understand this observation. Availability of individual medicines in the private sector The only medicines available on the survey day in all of the private pharmacies as either an innovator brand or generic product were ciprofloxacin, glibenclamide, ibuprofen, indapamide, loratadine, omeprazole, paracetamol and ranitidine with captopril, diclofenac, gliclazide, lisinopril, salbutamol inhaler and simvastatin having greater than 90% availability Annex 3 ; . Availability was less than 30% for amitriptyline, cephalexin, chlorpromazine, diazepam, fluconazole, hydrochlorothiazide and insulin. Many retail pharmacies do not stock 20. Statement of Problem and Impact: Confusing drug names is one of the most common causes of medication errors 1 ; and is of concern worldwide. With tens of thousands of drugs currently on the market, the potential for error due to confusing brand or generic drug names is significant. Many drug names look or sound like other drug names. Contributing to this confusion are complications such as illegible handwriting incomplete knowledge of drug names newly available products similar packaging or labeling similar clinical use similar strengths, dosage forms and frequency of administration and the failure of manufacturers and regulatory authorities to recognize the potential for error prior to approving new products 2, 2a ; . More than 33, 000 trademarked and 9, 000 generic medication names were reported in the US alone in 2004 3 ; , and an estimated 24, 000 therapeutic health products were reported in the Canadian market 4 ; . The Institute for Safe Medication Practices' ISMP ; has posted an eightpage listing of medication name pairs actually involved in medication errors 5 ; . There are many other lookalike soundalike LASA ; combinations that could potentially result in medication errors. Table I includes examples of name pairs that have been confused in several countries around the world. Table I Examples of confused drug name pairs in selected countries Brand Brand generic name ; generic name ; Avanza mirtazapine ; Avandia rosiglitazone ; Losec omeprazole ; Lasix frusemide ; Losec omeprazol ; Lasix furosemida ; Quelicin succinilcolina ; Keflin cefalotina ; Celebrex celecoxib ; Cerebyx fosphenytoin ; Losec omeprazole ; Lasix furosemide ; fluoxtine Fluvoxamine Reminyl galantamine hydrobromide ; Amarel glimepiride ; Losec omeprazole ; Lasix furosemide ; morphine hydromorphone Diamox acetazolamide ; Zimox amoxicillina triidrato ; Flomax morniflumato ; Volmax salbutamolo solfato ; Almarl arotinolol ; Amaryl glimepiride ; Taxotere docetaxel ; Taxol paclitaxel ; Dianben metformin ; Diovan valsartan ; Ecazide captopril hydrochlorothiazide ; Eskazine trifluoperazine ; Avastin bvacizumab ; Lantus insulin glargine ; Avaxim hepatitis A vaccine ; Lanvis toguanine. Fig. 1. Scheme of the study. The study was double blinded until D120 and then open from D120 until D150. After a run-in period of 2 months from D60 to D0 ; , patients were randomized to receive either long-acting furosemide 60 mg ; or hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg ; for 1 month until D30 ; . After a 1 month washout D60 ; , patients received the other diuretic for 1 month until D90 ; . After a second washout of 1 month D120 ; , patients received the combined regimen both diuretics ; for 1 month. The fractional excretions of sodium and chloride, and renal parameters were determined at D0, D30, D90 and D150. FUR furosemide; HCT hydrochlorothiazide; FENa fractional excretion of sodium; FECl fractional excretion of chloride. BARACLUDE. 11 benazepril. 16 benazepril hydrochlorothiazide . 16 benzocaine antipyrine . 43 benzoyl peroxide. 38 benztropine. 21 betamethasone dipropionate augmented crm 0.05%40 betamethasone dipropionate augmented gel, oint 0.05%. 40 betamethasone dipropionate crm, lotion, oint 0.05% . 40 betamethasone valerate crm, lotion, oint 0.1% . 39 BETASERON . 23 bethanechol . 32 BETOPTIC S. 42 BEXXAR. 14 BIAXIN XL . 9 BICILLIN C-R . 9 BICILLIN L-A . 9 BICNU. 13 BIDIL. 19 bisoprolol . 17 bisoprolol hydrochlorothiazide . 18 bleomycin. 13 BLEPHAMIDE SOP oint 10% 0.2%. 41 brimonidine 0.2% . 42 bromocriptine. 21 brompheniramine pseudoephedrine 4 mg 45 mg per 5 mL . brompheniramine pseudoephedrine ext-rel 12 mg 120 mg. 36 brompheniramine pseudoephedrine ext-rel 6 mg 60 mg . 36 bumetanide . 18 bumetanide inj. 18 BUPHENYL. 27 bupropion . 21 bupropion ext-rel.21, 24 buspirone . 19 BUSULFEX . 13 BYETTA . 25 cabergoline. 29 calcitonin-salmon spray . 26 calcitriol. 35 calcitriol inj . 35 CAMPATH . 14 CAMPRAL . 24 CAMPTOSAR . 14 CANASA . 31. 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